An Introduction to Philosophy (RLL style) Week 07  Metaphysics 4  (Metaphysical Determinism) –  Part 5: How are you?

Much of our behavior is shaped less by conscious choice than by social conditioning. We learn what to say, how to respond, and when to conform long before we realize we’re doing it. Determinism invites us to notice how powerful the pull of the group can be, and how often “I’m fine” is less a truth than a reflex. Awareness doesn’t free us from influence, but it gives us the chance to choose our surroundings more deliberately.

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An Introduction to Philosophy (RLL style) Week 07  Metaphysics 4  (Metaphysical Determinism) –  Part 3: Why did you do that?

Determinism suggests that much of our behavior unfolds before conscious awareness arrives on the scene. When we say “I don’t know why I did that,” we may be acknowledging that causes were already in motion. Philosophy invites us to reconsider free will not as total spontaneity, but as something shaped by habits, conditioning, and learned responses. The deeper question becomes not why we act, but how our patterns were formed in the first place.

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An Introduction to Philosophy (RLL style) Week 07  Metaphysics 4  (Metaphysical Determinism) – Part 1: Introduction – What’s the first thing you remember?

Determinism invites us to notice that our lives begin long before we become aware of ourselves as choosers. By the time memory appears, patterns are already in place shaping how we think, feel, and respond. Philosophy asks whether freedom means acting without causes, or whether it means understanding the forces that formed us. Sometimes the most unsettling question isn’t whether we are free, but how much of who we are was decided before we ever noticed we were deciding.

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An Introduction to Philosophy (RLL style) Week 05 – Metaphysics 2 (Metaphysical Dualism) – Part 6: Will Your AI chatbot go to heaven?

If consciousness is not strictly tied to a human body, then it may not be exclusive to humans at all. Metaphysical dualism invites us to consider whether awareness could emerge wherever the right conditions exist, whether in animals, artificial systems, or forms of intelligence we haven’t yet imagined. Philosophy challenges us to expand our moral and imaginative horizons, asking what responsibility follows when we recognize minds beyond our own.

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An Introduction to Philosophy (RLL style) Week 05 – Metaphysics 2 (Metaphysical Dualism) – Part 4: Are you out of your mind?

Experiences of transcendence challenge the boundaries we draw between mind and body. Whether the “bright light” is a glimpse of something beyond the physical or a creation of consciousness itself, dualism invites us to take such moments seriously without rushing to explain them away. Philosophy lives in that threshold, where mystery remains meaningful even without certainty.

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An Introduction to Philosophy (RLL style) Week 05 – Metaphysics 2 (Metaphysical Dualism) – Part 1: Introduction: Do you have ghosts?

Metaphysical dualism asks whether there is more to us than matter alone. Is consciousness simply the brain at work, or is there an observer within us that can’t be reduced to physical parts? Philosophy invites us to sit with that question, noticing the quiet sense of “self” that watches thoughts come and go. Whether ghost or mind, something seems to be looking out from behind our eyes.

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An Introduction to Philosophy (RLL style) Week 03 – Epistemology – Part 3: Am I dreaming? How would I know?

Epistemology asks us to question not just what we believe, but whether our confidence itself is justified. When Descartes wondered if he might be dreaming, he wasn’t chasing paranoia; he was practicing intellectual humility. Philosophy invites us to test our assumptions gently, to notice when comfort replaces clarity, and to ask what waking up might actually feel like.

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An Introduction to Philosophy (RLL style) Week 01 – Part 7: Summary – Why give a fuck (about Philosophy)?

Philosophy matters because it teaches us how to see the world without blinders. It doesn’t promise easy answers or perfect outcomes, but it offers something better: clarity, perspective, and intention. Wisdom helps us recognize the patterns beneath the chaos and gives us the freedom to move through life with our eyes open, asking better questions and making more meaningful choices.

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